# Introduction

The Sumerian documents from the Basic Corpus formed the basis for a research project (funded by DFG 2004-2011) on Sumerian lexicography: 

1. Bearbeitung von Rechts- und Verwaltungsurkunden für ein Sumerisches Glossar (2004-2007), DFG-Nummer SA-600/6-1 und -2
2. Bearbeitung von Lemmata für ein Sumerisches Glossar (2007-2011), DFG-Nummer SA-600/6-3 und -4

This Basic Corpus consisted of a representative selection of texts from the Presargonic to the Isin periods (ca. 2350 to 1980 BCE) from various sites.


# Corpus
## Basic Corpus

The Basic Corpus (marked "C") includes the following texts:

### Presargonic period: 1085 texts

| Provenience | Sources | Quantity |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Girsu | Allotte de la Fuÿe, Documents présargoniques (= DP); F. Thureau-Dangin, Recueil de Tablettes Chaldéennes (RTC) Nr. 16-72; some legal texts | 712 texts |
| Isin | „Lambert Tablet“ (Revue d'Assyriologie 73, 1 ff., C. Wilcke, ZA 86, 47-67); J. N. Postgate/P. Steinkeller, Legal and administrative texts in the Iraq Museum (= LATIM) Nr. 4–6; G.G. Hackman, Babylonian Inscriptions ... Nies (BIN) 8, Nr.34, 39; D. I. Owen, Materiali per il Vocabolario Neusumerico (MVN) 3, Nr. 13, 25, 53 | 9 texts |
| Nippur | A. Westenholz, Old Sumerian and Old Akkadian Texts in Philadelphia ... (OSP) I, Nr. 14-156; A. Westenholz, Early cuneiform texts at Jena (partly Sargonic) | 335 texts |
| Umma | texts copied by M. A. Powell, Hebrew Union College Annual 59, 34ff.; Briefe, LATIM 3 | 29 texts |


### Sargonic period: 778 texts

Provenience | Sources | Quantity |
--- | --- | --- |
Adab | Z. Yang, Sargonic Texts from Adab, Appendix 2; plus 69 documents from D.D. Luckenbill, Inscriptions from Adab, OIP 14; letters | 155 Texte
Isin | BIN 8, Nr. 153, 155-157, 171, 175; LATIM 46 | 7 Texte
Girsu | Thureau-Dangin, RTC Nr. 77-160; Sargonic texts from ITT 2; letters; selected texts from V. Donbaz/B. Foster, STTI | 273 texts
Nippur | Westenholz, OSP 2, Nr. 44-187 (includes Presargonic texs as well) | 144 texts
Umma | B.R. Foster, Umma in the Sargonic Period (USP), texts copied; LATIM (auch Saĝub), MCS 9 n.252 | 109 texts
Ur | UET 2 Supplement = A. Alberti/F. Pomponio, StPohl s.m. 13; A. Westenholz/G. Visicato, Kaskal 2 (2005) 55-78 | 63 texts
Div. | remaining copies from LATIM | 27 texts


### Ur III-Zeit: 4410 texts

Provenience | Sources | Quantity |
--- | --- | --- |
Girsu | H. de Genouillac, Inventaire des tablettes de Tello (ITT) 2/1; Thureau-Dangin, RTC Nr. 180-431 (hier nur Lagaš II und Ur III) | 457 texts
Nippur | D.I. Owen, Neo-Sumerian Archival Texts Primarily from Nippur (NATN) | 984 texts
Puzriš-Dagān | H. de Genouillac, La trouvaille de Dréhem (TrDr); L. Legrain, Le temps des rois d'Ur (TRU), copied texts; F. Thureau-Dangin, Musée du Louvre. Textes cunéiformes (TCL) 2; further selected documents | 580 texts
Umma | H. de Genouillac, TCL 5; M. Sigrist, Textes économiques néo-sumériennes de l'Université de Syracuse (TENS), further selected documents | 545 texts
Ur | L. Legrain, Ur Excavation Texts (UET) 3; additionally 47 documents from D. Loding, UET 9 | 1844 texts


### Isin-Zeit: 207 texts

Provenience | Sources | Quantity |
--- | ------- | --- |
Isin | M. Van De Mieroop, BIN 10, Nr. 1-207 | 207 Texte

### Total: 6480 texts



## Parallel Corpus

The "Parallel Corpus" was compiled by Fabienne Huber-Vulliet 2004-2007 with additions until 2011. It included the texts published until 2010 from the following text groups: 

- Presargonic documents from Girsu (24th c. BCE)
- Legal documents of the Ur III period (21st c. BCE)
- Letters of the Sargonic and Ur III period (23rd to 21st c. BCE)
- Ur III documents from Nippur

### Total: 3945 texts.


## Complementary Corpus

A complementary corpus consisted of some Fara texts and various other documents.


# Format
The transliterations are given in portions of some lines. The fields are as follows:

Textnr. = identifier of text; Zeilennr. = section of transliterated text, Text = transliteration; Kommentar = remarks on variant readings, restorations etc.; Korrekturen = corrections after 2011

Conventions of transliterations:

- transliteration in ASCII signs (sz = š shin, sy = ṣ syade, ty = ṭ tyet, g = g oder ĝ, h = ḫ, a: = ā, long a, e.g. syaba:tu)

- index numbers as normal numbers (U2, U3, U4)

- sign values follow the version of Attinger's list in C. Mittermayer, Altbabylonische Zeichenliste (2011)

- lemmata and proper nouns are written with dots (a2.ki.ti) and are separated by a space before and after the sign to allow easy searching

- prefixes and suffixes are indicated by hyphens (a2.ki.ti -ta)

- {...} = determinatives, e.g. {ki}

- <...> = phonetic complements

- ... = all kinds of broken passages. Indications of breaks and restorations are ONLY given in the field "Kommentar", the transliteration provides the restored text or simply "..." indicating missing text

- NUMBER* = sign written with round stylus

- Tagging of proper nouns: {p} personal name; {fe} = field name; {} = place name, {fl} = watercourse, {te} = temple or other buildings

Further identifications are related to the text number:

- text marked "C" belongs to the Basic Corpus which implies constant corrections until 2017

- provenance ("Ort"): Ad = Adab, Fa = Fara, Gi = Girsu, Is = Isin, Ni = Nippur, PD = Puzrisz-Daga:n, Um = Umma, Ur = Ur

- archives: mu-iti archives after Foster, US; Nippur IT = Inana Temple, Dsb = Dusabara, TNi = textiles of Ninurta temple; PD: V = Vieh (animals), SzSi = Szulgi-simti archive, Tr = treasure archive, Sch = shoe archive
Ur: Hw = Handwerker 

- type identifies text type and material

- century: 25 = Fara, 24 = Presargonic, 23 = Sargonic, 22 = Lagasz  II, 21 = Ur III, 20 = Isin

- date: year/month/day (00 not indicated, x not preserved); abbreviations of royal names see below

- other references of text (= important editions, museum numbers) and references in secondary literature (structure: Autor, BUCH (Jahr) p.000; Autor, ZEITSCHRIFT/REIHE 00 (Jahr) p.000)


### Text types:

- e = Einlieferung
  - e1 = mu-kux
- a = Ausgabe
  - a1 = zi-ga
  - a2 = ba-zi
- u = Uebernahme
  - u1 = szu ba-ti
  - u2 = i3-dab5
  - u3 = kiszebx
- b = Bestandsaufnahme
  - b1 = nigkasak
  - b2 = ki-bi-gi4-a
  - b3 = gurum2-ak
- bp = pisag-dub-ba
- j = juristische Texte (Aussagen usw.)     
  - j1 = di-til-la
- jk = Kauf
- jd = Darlehen (Kriterien: Rückgabeklausel, Zeugen; sonst bei u1)
- br = Brief
- mt = "messenger texts" (einschließlich dazugehörige Opferausgaben)
- lit = literarischer Text


### Commodity (in alphabetic order):

- A = Arbeit
  - AF = Arbeit, Felder
  - AT = Arbeit, Transporte, Reisen
- Bit = Bitumen etc. (esir2)
- Bo = Boote div.
- Du = Duftstoffe, auch naga (Soda), Gewürze
- F = Felder
  - FS = Felder: Saatgut usw.
- Fi = Fisch, Fischprodukte
- G = Getreide
  - GB = Bier
  - GBS = „Bier und Brot“
  - GM = Mehl
  - GS = „Speise“ = Brot (inda3)
- H = Holz
  - HD = Dattelbäume
  - HO = Holz Objekte
- L = Leder, Tierhäute
  - LO = Leder Objekte
- M = Metalle
  - MO = Objekte aus M.
  - MAg = Silber
  - MAu = Gold
  - MBz = Bronze
  - MCu = Kupfer
  - MSn = Zinn
- Mi = Milch(produkte)
- N = Nahrungsmittel
- O = Objekte, div. (zB Haushalt)
- Oe = Oel, Fett
- P = Person
  - PN = Person, namentlich
- Pf = Pflanzen; Obst
  - PfL = Lein (gu)
  - PfD = Datteln (Früchte)
- R = Rationen
  - RN = Rationen an namentl. genannte Personen
- S = Schilfrohr, Binsen u. ae.
  - SO = Schilfrohr Objekte
- St = Stein
- T = Textilen
  - TL = Leinen (gada)
- To = Ton
  - ToG = Tongefäße
  - ToT = Tontafeln
- V = Vieh
  - VE = Equiden
  - VG = Großvieh
  - VK = Kleinvieh
  - VS = Schweine
  - VV = Vögel
  - VW = Wildtiere
- W = Wolle
- Zi = Ziegel
- Zw = Zwiebeln
  - ZwS = Zwiebeln, Saatgut

### Object
- Si. = sealed text
- H. = Hülle (case)


### Abbreviations of royal names for date:

- 24        
  - En_I = Enanatum I
  - Enz = Enentarzi
  - Lug = Lugalanda
  - Ukg = Urukagina
  - Ensz = Enszakuszanna,  Daten OSP 1, p115:1)-3) = a)-c)
  - Lzag = Lugalzagesi, Datum OSP 1, p115:4) = a)
- 23        
  - Srg = Sargon
  - Rim = Rimusz
  - NS = Naram-Suen
  - Szks = Szarkaliszarri
  - Akk = Akkad, König unbekannt
- 22        
  - UrBa    = Ur-BaU
  - Gud = Gudea
  - UrNg = Ur-Ningirsu
  - Kaku = Kaku
  - Lugu = Lugula
  - LuBa = Lu-BaU
  - Urga = UrGAR
  - UrMa = Ur-Mama
  - Piri = Pirigme
  - Namh = Nammahni
  - Urab = Urabba
  - LgII = Lagasz II, König unbekannt
  - Uhg = Utuhegal
- 21        
  - UN
  - Sz
  - AS
  - SS
  - IS
- 20        
  - IE = Iszbi-Erra
  - Szi = Szu-iliszu
  - IdD = Iddin-Dagan
  - IszD = Iszme-Dagan
  - LiE = Lipit-Esztar
  - UrN = Ur-Ninurta


# Names

The table "Names" analyses the Sumerian names of the Basic Corpus transliterated for the Sumerian Glossary Project. Author: Walther Sallaberger (2008-2020)