Apart from the word type Beil (gem.) in the west, in the east of the German-speaking study area, crowd documents of the type Hacke form the majority of the designation of the concept AXE. It is interesting to note that these are probably distributed dialect-specifically. The AXE is represented in the Alemannic part by records of the lexical type Beil, while the type Hacke (gem.) is found in the Bavarian part of the survey area. In the Tyrolean town of Galtür, a place located at the border from German to Romanic which lies between the Bavarian and Alemannic study areas, both types can even be found.

According to Kluge, Hacke is the instrumental form of the verb hacken (cf. Kluge under Hacke). The type is restricted to the West Germanic languages (ahd. hackōn, mnd. hakken, mhd./mnl. hacken, nl. hakken, aengl. -haccian, eng. to hack) (cf. DWDS under hacken). Hacke as a designation of the concept HEEL is missing in Upper German as well as in Middle High German, possibly because the term Ferse is used there.

Seebold, Elmar (2012): Kluge. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, Berlin, DeGruyter

Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.) (2004-): Das Digitale Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, Berlin

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Germanisch (ISO 639-5)

Althochdeutsch (ISO 639-3)

Englisch (ISO 639-3)